Article Figures & Data
Figures
- Fig 1.
Reduction of T1 contrast between gray matter and normal-appearing white matter. Axial 3D T1 image after intensity normalization of a 56-year-old healthy male subject (A) and a 56-year-old male patient with CADASIL (B) with zoom boxes showing reduced contrast between gray matter and normal-appearing white matter in CADASIL because NAWM appears darker. Color-coded images are enhancing the global heterogeneity of NAWM outside the lesions determined on FLAIR (overlaid in white) in the patient with CADASIL (D) compared with the homogeneous white matter in the control subject (C). The signal of subcutaneous fat, similar for the 2 subjects, may serve as a reference for visual inspection.
- Fig 2.
3D T1 intensity histograms in a patient with CADASIL and a control subject. Normalized histograms computed within the brain and outside the white matter lesion masks for the 56-year-old patient with CADASIL and control subject of Fig 1. For the control subject, a histogram is redrawn after exclusion of voxels corresponding to the white matter lesion mask of the patient (overlaid in white). While the gray matter peak is roughly the same between subjects, the white matter peak is left-shifted in the patient with CADASIL, leading to a reduced contrast between GM and NAWM. Computation of the histogram for the control subject outside the lesion mask (randomly allocated from a patient with CADASIL) did not change WM peak and contrast values.
Tables
Characteristics of patients with CADASIL and healthy controls
Patients with CADASIL (n = 22) Healthy Controls (n = 29) P Value Age (yr) (mean) (range) 53.5 ± 11.1, 32.1–74.5 53.8 ± 11.0, 30.1–71.4 .73 Male sex (No.) (%) 11/22 (50%) 15/29 (52%) .88 Right-handed (No.) (%) 22/22 (100%) 28/29 (97%) .99 Level of education (yr) 11.7 ± 3.9 13.6 ± 3.5 .08 MMSE (mean) (median) (range) 28.5, 29, 25–30 29.0, 29, 26–30 .26 Brain volume in mm3 (mean) 1017202 ± 113233 1003640 ± 84340 .64 (.61)a Normalized GM peak (mean) 0.30 ± 0.05 0.31 ± 0.05 .48 (.45)a Normalized WM peak (mean) 0.59 ± 0.06 0.67 ± 0.09 .001 (.001)a Contrast between GM and NAWM (mean) 1.35 ± 0.08 1.43 ± 0.04 .001 (<10−5)a White matter lesion volume, (mean) (median) (range) in mm3 97972.9, 76256.6, 7249.8–267095.1 NA – Lacunar lesion volume (mean) (median) (range) in mm3 (n = 14/22, 64%)b 526.1, 290.1, 14.0–1974.7 NA – No. of microhemorrhages (mean) (median) (range) (n = 8/22, 36%)b 6.5, 2.5, 1–32 NA –
