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Research ArticleInterventional
Open Access

Porcine In Vivo Validation of a Virtual Contrast Model: The Influence of Contrast Agent Properties and Vessel Flow Rates

T.W. Peach, Y. Ventikos, J.V. Byrne and Z. You
American Journal of Neuroradiology December 2016, 37 (12) 2304-2309; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A4884
T.W. Peach
aFrom the Department of Mechanical Engineering (T.W.P., Y.V.), University College London, London, UK
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Y. Ventikos
aFrom the Department of Mechanical Engineering (T.W.P., Y.V.), University College London, London, UK
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J.V. Byrne
bDepartment of Neuroradiology (J.V.B.), John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
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Z. You
cDepartment of Engineering Science (Z.Y.), University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
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  • Fig 1.
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    Fig 1.

    Parent vessel flow rate profiles based on the human ICA.

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    Fig 2.

    Experimental contrast residence curves for all 4 experimental aneurysms and the fitted exponential decay curve.

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    Fig 3.

    Simulated contrast residence curve and the fitted exponential decay curve.

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    Fig 4.

    Experimental (upper) and virtual (lower) DSA. Images are separated by 0.40-second intervals and aligned at 0.0 seconds to peak aneurysm contrast concentration.

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    Fig 5.

    Simulated and experimental contrast decay incorporating variation in simulated contrast density and viscosity.

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    Fig 6.

    Simulated and experimental contrast decay incorporating variation in the simulated parent vessel flow rate.

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    Fig 7.

    Simulated contrast decay constant and mean parent vessel flow rate.

Tables

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    Table 1:

    Contrast media properties

    Contrast AgentDensityViscosity
    Omnipaque 1801164 kg/m30.0015 Pa × s
    Omnipaque 3501410 kg/m30.0204 Pa × s
    • View popup
    Table 2:

    Contrast-blood mixture properties

    DensityViscosityModified Re
    High Re (Omnipaque 180)1080 kg/m30.00275 Pa × s+70%
    Low Re (Omnipaque 350)1200 kg/m30.0122 Pa × s−40%
    • View popup
    Table 3:

    Summary of experimental and simulated contrast decay constants

    Contrast Decay Constant
    Experimental0.758 second−1
    Initial simulation0.560 second−1
    High Re simulation0.552 second−1
    Low Re simulation0.677 second−1
    High Q simulation0.903 second−1
    Low Q simulation0.362 second−1
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American Journal of Neuroradiology: 37 (12)
American Journal of Neuroradiology
Vol. 37, Issue 12
1 Dec 2016
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Cite this article
T.W. Peach, Y. Ventikos, J.V. Byrne, Z. You
Porcine In Vivo Validation of a Virtual Contrast Model: The Influence of Contrast Agent Properties and Vessel Flow Rates
American Journal of Neuroradiology Dec 2016, 37 (12) 2304-2309; DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.A4884

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Porcine In Vivo Validation of a Virtual Contrast Model: The Influence of Contrast Agent Properties and Vessel Flow Rates
T.W. Peach, Y. Ventikos, J.V. Byrne, Z. You
American Journal of Neuroradiology Dec 2016, 37 (12) 2304-2309; DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.A4884
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