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Research ArticleUltra-High-Field MRI/Imaging of Epilepsy/Demyelinating Diseases/Inflammation/Infection
Open Access

Glymphatic System Dysfunction in Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Immunoglobulin G Antibody–Associated Disorders: Association with Clinical Disability

Akifumi Hagiwara, Yuji Tomizawa, Yasunobu Hoshino, Kazumasa Yokoyama, Koji Kamagata, Towa Sekine, Kaito Takabayashi, Moto Nakaya, Tomoko Maekawa, Toshiaki Akashi, Akihiko Wada, Toshiaki Taoka, Shinji Naganawa, Nobutaka Hattori and Shigeki Aoki
American Journal of Neuroradiology January 2024, 45 (1) 66-71; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A8066
Akifumi Hagiwara
aFrom the Department of Radiology (A.H., K.K., T.S, K.T., M.N., T.M., T.A., A.W., S.A.), Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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  • ORCID record for Akifumi Hagiwara
Yuji Tomizawa
bDepartment of Neurology (Y.T., Y.H., N.H.), Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Yasunobu Hoshino
bDepartment of Neurology (Y.T., Y.H., N.H.), Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Kazumasa Yokoyama
cTousei Neurology Center (K.Y.), Shizuoka, Japan
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  • ORCID record for Kazumasa Yokoyama
Koji Kamagata
aFrom the Department of Radiology (A.H., K.K., T.S, K.T., M.N., T.M., T.A., A.W., S.A.), Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Towa Sekine
aFrom the Department of Radiology (A.H., K.K., T.S, K.T., M.N., T.M., T.A., A.W., S.A.), Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Kaito Takabayashi
aFrom the Department of Radiology (A.H., K.K., T.S, K.T., M.N., T.M., T.A., A.W., S.A.), Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Moto Nakaya
aFrom the Department of Radiology (A.H., K.K., T.S, K.T., M.N., T.M., T.A., A.W., S.A.), Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
dDepartment of Radiology (M.N.), Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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Tomoko Maekawa
aFrom the Department of Radiology (A.H., K.K., T.S, K.T., M.N., T.M., T.A., A.W., S.A.), Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Toshiaki Akashi
aFrom the Department of Radiology (A.H., K.K., T.S, K.T., M.N., T.M., T.A., A.W., S.A.), Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Akihiko Wada
aFrom the Department of Radiology (A.H., K.K., T.S, K.T., M.N., T.M., T.A., A.W., S.A.), Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Toshiaki Taoka
eDepartment of Radiology (T.T., S.N.), Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan.
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Shinji Naganawa
eDepartment of Radiology (T.T., S.N.), Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan.
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Nobutaka Hattori
bDepartment of Neurology (Y.T., Y.H., N.H.), Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Shigeki Aoki
aFrom the Department of Radiology (A.H., K.K., T.S, K.T., M.N., T.M., T.A., A.W., S.A.), Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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  • FIG 1.
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    FIG 1.

    ROI placement for ALPS index calculation. A, A color-coded FA map shows the distribution of projection fibers (blue along z-axis) and association fibers (green along y-axis) at the lateral ventricle level. Spherical ROIs with a 5-mm diameter were placed in the projection and association areas. B, A schematic illustration of the relationship between the principal fiber and perivascular spaces, with the perivascular space running parallel to the medullary vein and perpendicular to the projection and association fibers.

  • FIG 2.
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    FIG 2.

    Violin and box plots of the MR imaging metrics compared between the MOGAD and healthy control groups. The asterisk indicates FDR-corrected P < .05; ns, indicates no significance.

  • FIG 3.
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    FIG 3.

    Scatterplots are presented to show the correlations between clinical characteristics and MR imaging metrics. An asterisk indicates statistical significance at P < .05.

Tables

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  • Demographic characteristics of the participants

    Healthy ControlsMOGADP Value
    No.2216NA
    Age (mean) (yr)a44.77 (SD, 14.58)44.19 (SD, 17.93).94
    Sex (male/female)b6:164:12.88
    Disease duration (mean) (yr)NA8.06 (SD, 11.86)NA
    EDSS (median) (range)NA0 (0–7)NA
    WM lesion, (mean) (mL)NA8.81 (SD, 7.67)NA
    • Note:— NA indicates not applicable.

    • ↵a The statistical analysis was performed with a t test.

    • ↵b The statistical analysis was performed with a χ2 test.

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Cite this article
Akifumi Hagiwara, Yuji Tomizawa, Yasunobu Hoshino, Kazumasa Yokoyama, Koji Kamagata, Towa Sekine, Kaito Takabayashi, Moto Nakaya, Tomoko Maekawa, Toshiaki Akashi, Akihiko Wada, Toshiaki Taoka, Shinji Naganawa, Nobutaka Hattori, Shigeki Aoki
Glymphatic System Dysfunction in Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Immunoglobulin G Antibody–Associated Disorders: Association with Clinical Disability
American Journal of Neuroradiology Jan 2024, 45 (1) 66-71; DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.A8066

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Glymphatic Dysfunction in MOGAD
Akifumi Hagiwara, Yuji Tomizawa, Yasunobu Hoshino, Kazumasa Yokoyama, Koji Kamagata, Towa Sekine, Kaito Takabayashi, Moto Nakaya, Tomoko Maekawa, Toshiaki Akashi, Akihiko Wada, Toshiaki Taoka, Shinji Naganawa, Nobutaka Hattori, Shigeki Aoki
American Journal of Neuroradiology Jan 2024, 45 (1) 66-71; DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.A8066
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