Article Figures & Data
Figures
- Fig 1.
Schematic overview of 2 different CoW configurations. A, Textbook-type. B, Variant-type with hypoplastic VA, P1, and A1 segments, see arrows. VA and A1 segments with diameters ≤50% compared with the contralateral side and P1 segments < PcomA were defined as hypoplastic.
- Fig 2.
Automatic extraction of 11 waveform features and the PI. M: diastolic minimum. S1–S3: 25, 50, and 75% of the amplitude before peak systole. P: peak systole. D1: 75% of the amplitude after peak systole. H: half-maximum after systole. D2–D5: late diastolic features, equally spaced in time (▵T). Feature S2 was set to time = 0s.
- Fig 3.
Boxplots for aneurysmal parent artery–specific flow rates in complete (left) and incomplete (right) CoW configurations. The asterisk indicates a statistically significant difference (P < .05).
- Fig 4.
Location-representative flow waveforms for aneurysmal parent arteries in perianeurysmal complete (blue) and incomplete (red, dashed) CoW configurations. Interquartile ranges are presented for feature points M, S2, P, H, and D6.
- Fig 5.
Location-representative velocity waveforms for aneurysmal parent arteries in perianeurysmal complete (blue) and incomplete (red, dashed) CoW configurations. Interquartile ranges are presented for feature points M, S2, P, H, and D6.
Tables
CoW Configuration (n = 96) Absent/Hypoplastic Vascular Components % Textbook type None 10 Variant anatomy PcomA 73 AcomA 25 P1 24 VA 21 A1 16 P1, VA, and/or A1 combined 46 - Table 2:
Prevalence of perianeurysmal incomplete CoW configurations for each aneurysmal parent artery location
PC-MR Measurement Location (Aneurysm Location) Incomplete Configuration No. ICA (ICA/PcomA) Hypoplastic ipsilateral P1 and/or contralateral A1 7/30 (23%) MCA Hypoplastic ipsilateral P1 and/or contralateral A1 6/30 (20%) A1 (AcomA) Hypoplastic contralateral A1 7/28 (25%) A2 (pericallosal artery) Azygos ACA 1/4 (25%) VA Hypoplastic ipsilateral VA 1/2 (50%) BA Hypoplastic P1 (1- or 2-sided) 3/9 (33%) Total 25/103 (24%) - Table 3:
Mean velocity magnitudes, flow rates, and PIs for aneurysmal parent arteries in complete and incomplete CoW configurations
Aneurysmal Parent Artery Perianeurysmal CoW Configuration Flow Rate (mL/s) (Median) (IQR) P Value Mean Velocity Magnitude (cm/s) (Median) (IQR) P Value PI (Median) (IQR) P Value ICA Complete 3.60 (3.03–4.84) .16 36.3 (29.8–46.2) 1.00 0.91 (0.75–1.12) .49 Incomplete 3.96 (3.74–4.15) 36.4 (32.7–39.1) 0.98 (0.87–1.18) MCA Complete 2.48 (1.86–2.97) .15 44.6 (35.4–49.5) .19 0.80 (0.66–0.94) .42 Incomplete 1.98 (1.78–2.25) 38.7 (34.2–42.2) 0.95 (0.74–0.97) A1 Complete 1.42 (1.12–1.60) .01a 34.2 (29.5–38.7) .52 0.78 (0.69–1.06) .49 Incomplete 1.88 (1.65–2.51) 37.9 (29.5–45.3) 0.75 (0.63–0.83) A2 Complete 0.78 (0.57–1.08) .50 21.4 (19.1–33.5) 1.00 0.63 (0.52–0.99) .50 Incomplete 1.26 35.2 1.13 VA Complete 1.90 1.00 19.1 1.00 1.11 1.00 Incomplete 0.99 16.5 1.20 BA Complete 2.45 (1.87–2.81) .02a 36.0 (31.3–42.8) .17 1.00 (0.86–1.06) .71 Incomplete 0.88 (0.78–1.26) 25.9 (21.6–30.5) 1.05 (0.98–1.19) ↵a Indicates a statistically significant difference (P < .05).
