Abnormal Perfusion of the Pituitary Gland Secondary to Dural Arteriovenous Fistulas in the Cavernous Sinus: Dynamic MR Findings

References

1. ↵
   Sato N, Putman CM, Chaloupka JC, et al. Pituitary gland enlargement secondary to dural arteriovenous fistula in the cavernous sinus: appearance at MR imaging. Radiology 1997;203:263–267

   PubMed
2. ↵
   Barrow DL, Spector RH, Braun IF, et al. Classification and treatment of spontaneous carotid-cavernous fistulas. J Neurosurg 1985;62:248–256

   CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
3. ↵
   Niemineva K. Observation on the development of the hypophyseal-portal system. Acta Paediatr Scand 1950;39:366–377
4. Xuereb GP Prichard MML, Daniel PM. The arterial supply and venous drainage of the human hypophysis cerebri. Q J Exp Physiol 1954;39:199–218
5. Xuereb GP Prichard MML, Daniel PM. The hypophyseal portal system of vessels in man. Q J Exp Physiol 1954;39:219–227
6. Page RB. Directional pituitary blood flow: a microcine-photographic study. Endocrinology 1983;112:157–165

   CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
7. Bergland RM, Page RB. Pituitary-brain vascular relations: a new paradigm. Science 1979;204:18–24

   Abstract/FREE Full Text
8. ↵
   McConnell EM. Arterial blood supply of the human hypophysis cerebri. Anat Rec 1953;115:175–203
9. ↵
   Bonneville JF, Cattin F, Moussa-Bacha K, Portha C. Dynamic computed tomography of the pituitary gland: the “tuff sign.” Radiology 1983;149:145–148

   PubMedWeb of Science
10. ↵
    Miki Y, Matsuo M, Nishizawa S, et al. Pituitary adenomas and normal pituitary tissue: enhancement patterns on gadopentetate-enhanced MR imaging. Radiology 1990;177:35–38

    PubMed
11. ↵
    Sakamoto Y, Takahashi M, Korogi Y, Bussaka H, Ushio Y. Normal and abnormal pituitary glands: gadopentetate dimeglumine-enhanced MR imaging. Radiology 1991;178:441–445

    PubMedWeb of Science
12. Tien RD. Sequence of enhancement of various portions of the pituitary gland on gadolinium-enhanced MR images: correlation with regional blood supply. AJR Am J Roentgenol 1992;158:651–654

    PubMedWeb of Science
13. ↵
    Finelli DA, Kaufman B. Varied Microcirculation of pituitary adenomas at rapid, dynamic, contrast-enhanced MR imaging. Radiology 1993;189:205–210

    PubMed
14. ↵
    Lannering B, Albertsson-Wikland K. Growth hormone release in children after cranial irradiation. Horm Res 1987;27:13–22

    PubMedWeb of Science
15. ↵
    Shalet SM, Claylon PE, Price DA. Growth and pituitary function in children treated for brain tumors or acute lyphoblastic leukaemia. Horm Res 1988;30:5361
16. ↵
    Paakko E, Talvensaari K, Pyhtinen J, and Lanning M. Decreased pituitary gland height after radiation treatment to the hypothalamic-pituitary axis evaluated by MR. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 1994;15:537–541

    Abstract/FREE Full Text
17. ↵
    Mosler HD Jr, Jansons RA. Stunted growth in rats following X-irradiation of the head. Growth 1967;31:139–148

    PubMed
18. ↵
    Woodruff KH, Lyman JT, Lawrence JH, et al. Delayed sequelae of pituitary irradiation. Hum Pathol 1984;15:48–54

    PubMed
19. ↵
    Sklar CA, andConstine LS. Chronic neuroendocrinological sequelae of radiation therapy. Int J Radiation Oncology Biol Phys. 1995;31:1113–1121

    CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
20. ↵
    Moul DE, Wehr TA, Frank JA. Possible seasonal changes in pituitary size. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 1995;16:214–215

    PubMed
21. ↵
    Miki Y, Asato R, Okumura R, et al. Contrast enhanced area of posterior pituitary gland in early dynamic MRI exceeds hyperintense area on T1-weighted images. JCAT 1992;16:845–848