Suspicious Neuroimaging Pattern of Thrombotic Microangiopathy

References

1. 1.↵
   1. Symmers WS

   . Thrombotic microangiopathic haemolytic anemia (thrombotic angiopathy). Br Med J 1952;2:897–903

   FREE Full Text
2. 2.↵
   1. Ruggenenti P,
   2. Noris M,
   3. Remuzzi G

   . Thrombotic microangiopathy, hemolytic uremic syndrome, and thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura. Kidney Int 2001;60:831–46

   CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
3. 3.↵
   1. Garewal M,
   2. Ward C,
   3. Yahya S,
   4. et al

   . MRI changes in thrombotic microangiopathy secondary to malignant hypertension. J Neuroimaging 2007;17:178–80

   CrossRefPubMed
4. 4.↵
   1. Moake JL

   . Thrombotic microangiopathies. N Engl J Med 2002;347:8:589–600

   CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
5. 5.↵
   1. Miller DP,
   2. Kaye JA,
   3. Shea K,
   4. et al

   . Incidence of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura/hemolytic uremic syndrome. Epidemiology 2004;15:208–15

   CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
6. 6.↵
   1. Bakshi R,
   2. Shaikh ZA,
   3. Bates VE,
   4. et al

   . Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura: brain CT and MRI findings in 12 patients. Neurology 1999;52:1285

   Abstract/FREE Full Text
7. 7.↵
   1. Buonanno FS,
   2. Cooper MR,
   3. Moody DM,
   4. et al

   . Neuroradiologic aspects of cerebral disseminated intravascular coagulation. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 1980;1:245–50

   Abstract
8. 8.↵
   1. Zipfel PF,
   2. Heinen S,
   3. Skerka C

   . Thrombotic microangiopathies: new insights and new challenges. Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens 2010;19:372–78

   CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
9. 9.↵
   1. Elliott MA,
   2. Nichols WL

   . Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura and hemolytic uremic syndrome. Mayo Clin Proc 2001;76:1154–62

   Abstract/FREE Full Text
10. 10.↵
    1. Malbranque S,
    2. Piercecchi-Marti MD,
    3. Thomas L,
    4. et al

    . Fatal diffuse thrombotic microangiopathy after a bite by the “Fer-de-Lance” pit viper (Bothrops lanceolatus) of Martinique. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2008;78:856–61

    Abstract/FREE Full Text
11. 11.↵
    1. Steinborn M,
    2. Leiz S,
    3. Rüdisser K,
    4. et al

    . CT and MRI in haemolytic uraemic syndrome with central nervous system involvement: distribution of lesions and prognostic value of imaging findings. Pediatr Radiol 2004;34:805–10.Epub 2004 Jul 29

    PubMedWeb of Science
12. 12.↵
    1. Pisoni R,
    2. Ruggenenti P,
    3. Remuzzi G

    . Drug-induced thrombotic microangiopathy: incidence, prevention and management. Drug Saf 2001;24:491–501

    CrossRefPubMed
13. 13.↵
    1. Park YA,
    2. Hay SN,
    3. Brecher ME

    . ADAMTS13 activity levels in patients with human immunodeficiency virus-associated thrombotic microangiopathy and profound CD4 deficiency. J Clin Apher 2009;24:32–36

    CrossRefPubMed
14. 14.↵
    1. Cines DB,
    2. Liebman H,
    3. Stasi R

    . Pathobiology of secondary immune thrombocytopenia. Semin Hematol 2009;46 (1 suppl 2):S2–14

    CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
15. 15.↵
    1. DiMario FJ Jr.,
    2. Brönte-Stewart H,
    3. Sherbotie J,
    4. et al

    . Lacunar infarction of the basal ganglia as a complication of hemolytic-uremic syndrome: MRI and clinical correlations. Clin Pediatr (Phila) 1987;26:586–90

    Abstract/FREE Full Text
16. 16.↵
    1. Barnett ND,
    2. Kaplan AM,
    3. Bernes SM,
    4. et al

    . Hemolytic uremic syndrome with particular involvement of basal ganglia and favorable outcome. Pediatr Neurol 1995;12:155–58

    CrossRefPubMed
17. 17.↵
    1. Schmidt S,
    2. Gudinchet F,
    3. Meagher-Villemure K,
    4. et al

    . Brain involvement in haemolytic-uraemic syndrome: MRI features of coagulative necrosis. Neuroradiology 2001;43:581–85

    CrossRefPubMed
18. 18.↵
    1. Nakamura H,
    2. Takaba H,
    3. Inoue T,
    4. et al

    . MRI findings of hemolytic uremic syndrome with encephalopathy: widespread symmetrical distribution. J Neuroimaging 2003;13:75–78

    PubMed
19. 19.↵
    1. Theobald I,
    2. Kuwertz-Bröking E,
    3. Schiborr M,
    4. et al

    . Central nervous system involvement in hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS): a retrospective analysis of cerebral CT and MRI studies. Clin Nephrol 2001;56:S3–8

    PubMed
20. 20.↵
    1. Ogura H,
    2. Takaoka M,
    3. Kishi M,
    4. et al

    . Reversible MR findings of hemolytic uremic syndrome with mild encephalopathy. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 1998;19:1144–45

    Abstract
21. 21.↵
    1. Signorini E,
    2. Lucchi S,
    3. Mastrangelo M,
    4. et al

    . Central nervous system involvement in a child with hemolytic uremic syndrome. Pediatr Nephrol 2000;14:990–92

    CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
22. 22.↵
    1. Egan JA,
    2. Bandarenko N,
    3. Hay SN,
    4. et al

    . Differentiating thrombotic microangiopathies induced by severe hypertension from anemia and thrombocytopenia seen in thrombotic thrombocytopenia purpura. J Clin Apher 2004;19:125–29

    CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
23. 23.↵
    1. D'Aprile P,
    2. Farchi G,
    3. Pagliarulo R,
    4. et al

    . Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura: MR demonstration of reversible brain abnormalities. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 1994;15:19–20

    Abstract
24. 24.↵
    1. Gruber O,
    2. Wittig I,
    3. Wiggins CJ,
    4. et al

    . Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura: MRI demonstration of persistent small cerebral infarcts after clinical recovery. Neuroradiology 2000;42:616–18

    CrossRefPubMed
25. 25.↵
    1. Tardy B,
    2. Page Y,
    3. Convers P,
    4. et al

    . Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura: MR findings. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 1993;14:489–90

    Abstract
26. 26.↵
    1. Bartynski WS

    . Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome. Part 2. Controversies surrounding pathophysiology of vasogenic edema. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol.2008;29:1043–49

    Abstract/FREE Full Text
27. 27.↵
    1. Bartynski WS

    . Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome. Part 1. Fundamental imaging and clinical features. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2008;29:1036–42

    Abstract/FREE Full Text
28. 28.↵
    1. Koide T,
    2. Yamada M,
    3. Takahashi T,
    4. et al

    . Cyclosporine A-associated fatal central nervous system angiopathy in a bone marrow transplant recipient: an autopsy case. Acta Neuropathol 2000;99:680–84

    CrossRefPubMed
29. 29.↵
    1. Hefzy HM,
    2. Bartynski WS,
    3. Boardman JF,
    4. et al

    . Hemorrhage in posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome: imaging and clinical features. AJNR Am Neuroradiol 2009;30:1371–79

    Abstract/FREE Full Text
30. 30.↵
    1. Doss-Esper CE,
    2. Singhal AB,
    3. Smith MS,
    4. et al

    . Reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy, cerebral vasoconstriction, and strokes after intravenous immune globulin therapy in Guillain-Barre syndrome. J Neuroimaging 2005;15:188–92

    CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
31. 31.↵
    1. Arnould MC,
    2. Grandin CB,
    3. Peeters A,
    4. et al

    . Comparison of CT and three MR sequences for detecting and categorizing early (48 hours) hemorrhagic transformation in hyperacute ischemic stroke. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2004;25:939–44

    Abstract/FREE Full Text
32. 32.↵
    1. Haacke EM,
    2. Mittal S,
    3. Wu Z,
    4. et al

    . Susceptibility-weighted imaging: technical aspects and clinical applications, part 1. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2009;30:19–30.Epub 2008 Nov 27

    Abstract/FREE Full Text
33. 33.↵
    1. Mittal S,
    2. Wu Z,
    3. Neelavalli J,
    4. et al

    . Susceptibility-weighted imaging: technical aspects and clinical applications, part 2. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2009;30:232–52.Epub 2009 Jan 8

    Abstract/FREE Full Text