Article Figures & Data
Figures
- FIG 1.
A, MR imaging of a 38-year-old male patient with an IDH-mutated glioblastoma, World Health Organization grade IV. The tumor (white arrows) shows focal contrast enhancement in the T1-weighted image and is clearly depicted in the FLAIR image. Sodium imaging shows increased TSC. B, MR imaging of a 78-year-old male patient with an IDH wild-type anaplastic astrocytoma, World Health Organization grade III, in the right basal ganglia. The tumor (white arrows) shows focal contrast enhancement in the T1-weighted image and diffuse abnormalities in the FLAIR image. Sodium imaging shows no abnormality. Adapted and reproduced with permission from Shymanskaya et al.22
- FIG 2.
Images of a representative section from a patient with ischemic stroke showing the hypoperfused (time-to-maximum + 4 seconds) perfusion maps, the DWI with a DWI-hyperintense core in the dotted outline, the PWI-DWI mismatch tissue (penumbra) in the solid outline, and sodium images for (A) 4 and (B) 25.5 hours after the onset. This patient had a perfusion/diffusion mismatch at the first time point. The absolute lesion volume of the core enlarged from the first to the second time point, while the penumbral volume diminished. Note that the sodium signal is not increased in the first time point, while the high sodium signal is matched with DWI hyperintensity at the second time point. Adapted and reproduced with permission from Tsang et al.76
- FIG 3.
A patient with a cortical malformation. The TSC map shows high value on a cortical malformation that is subtle on high-resolution proton 3D-T1-weighted image (arrows) (adapted and reproduced with permission from Ridley et al38). However, the effect of the partial volume effect should be examined in a future study with the achievement of higher-resolution sodium MR imaging.
