MY CONTENT

This study assesses the accuracy of combined velocity-selective arterial spin-labeling and traditional pulsed arterial spin-labeling CBF measurements in pediatric Moyamoya disease, with comparison with blood flow patterns on conventional angiography. Twenty-two neurologically stable pediatric patients with Moyamoya disease and 5 asymptomatic siblings without frank Moyamoya disease were imaged with velocity-selective arterial spin-labeling, pulsed arterial spin-labeling, and DSA (patients). Qualitatively, velocity-selective arterial spin-labeling perfusion maps reflect the DSA parenchymal phase, regardless of postinjection timing. Conversely, pulsed arterial spin-labeling maps reflect the DSA appearance at postinjection times closer to pulsed arterial spin-labeling postlabeling delay, regardless of vascular phase. ASPECTS comparison showed excellent agreement between arterial spin-labeling and DSA, suggesting velocity-selective arterial spin-labeling and pulsed arterial spin-labeling capture key perfusion and transit delay information, respectively. Velocity-selective arterial spin-labeling offers a powerful approach to image perfusion in pediatric Moyamoya disease due to transit delay insensitivity.