Article Figures & Data
Figures
- Fig 1.
Left, MR venogram (gray) of the bilateral transverse and sigmoid sinuses showing the centerline and transverse cut planes. Right, The peak velocity along the centerline is plotted for different time points in the cardiac cycle before (red) and after (blue) LP.
- Fig 2.
Lumbar puncture–induced change in ipsilateral peak velocity in relation to opening pressure.
- Fig 3.
The left side shows an ipsilateral flow jet pre-LP that is weakened post-LP without a concomitant change in the flow rate (374–381 mL/min). The rating of PT intensity for this patient was reduced from 9 to 0.
- Fig 4.
Lumbar puncture–induced hemodynamic changes for patients with ipsilateral jets. Note that reduced pressure lowered the ipsilateral peak velocity (left panel) without a concomitant reduction in flow rate (middle panel). Furthermore, PT intensity also decreased as the peak velocity was reduced.
- Fig 5.
LP-induced change in lumen geometry. The pre-LP MRV lumen is shown on the left side (opening pressure of 25 cm H2O), whereas the post-LP lumen is seen in the right side (closing pressure of 10 cm H2O). Note the improved transverse sinus stenosis at a prominent arachnoid granulation in the right transverse sinus (star).
Tables
Acquisition Parameters CE-MRV FOV = 240 × 180 × 108 mm, acq. matrix = 400 × 286 × 90, acq. time = 66 sec, TR = 5.0 ms, TE = 1.8 ms, FA = 30°, SENSE = 2 4Dflow FOV = 240 × 193 × 34 mm, acq. matrix = 184 × 149 × 24, acq. time = 12 min, TR = 6.5 ms, TE = 2.9 ms, FA = 8°, SENSE = 2, segments = 3, VENC = 1.5 m/s 2Dflow FOV = 160 × 120 mm, acq. matrix = 160 × 120, acq. time = 73 sec, TR = 8.8 ms, TE = 5.4 ms, FA = 15°, segments = 2, VENC = 0.75 m/s Note:—acq. indicates acquisition; SENSE, sensitivity encoding; FA, flip angle; VENC, velocity encoding.
Pre-LP Post-LP P Value Pressure (cm H2O) 21.7 ± 5.2 8.9 ± 2.0 <.001 PT intensity 4.4 ± 3.2 1.7 ± 2.5 .020 Ipsilateral flow rate (mL/min) 393 ± 100 406 ± 92 .296 Ipsilateral peak velocity (m/s) 0.98 ± 0.37 0.73 ± 0.25 .003 CSF withdrawn (mL) 14.9 ± 6.4 Severity of stenosis 77.9 ± 28.0 ↵a Data are means unless otherwise indicated.
